These problems are deep seated in history as it was, and history as presented by those manipulating it for personal/political gain.
Native people were the San (bushman) hunter gatherers, displaced by Bantu tribes migrating from the north. These people owned livestock and personal possesions, land was apportioned by local chiefs, along the perenial rivers as no culture of well digging or damming of annual rivers existed, as for 6-7 months of the year there is no rain (dry winter season). Their slash and burn agricultural practices meant moving every 4-5 years as the soil was exhausted. A trade in copper, gold, ivory and slaves led to the short period of prosperity when the Karanga built the walled settlements.
The Matabele arrived in 1856, raging war on the northern people they called " AMAshona" (people of no account) as they were inferior warriors, the Shona and Manica tribes were being decimated by the Matabele as the Shona ancestors had done to the San. The pioneers settled empty land as they were able to dig wells and dam rivers for water storage, less than 750 000 Bantu people occupied a country of 375 830 square kilometers, no need to displace anyone!
Rhodes brought in education, brought in Dr Andrew Flemming to start a health program for the Bantu people (1893), at a time child mortality in the first year was 90%+, the 'Rhodesian' pioneers possibly sowed the seed of their own destruction, population growth and political corruption are the real problems in Africa, throwing money at them will not help, ag projects such as that in Kwara province, Nigeria, can work if finance is available directly to the farmers, quality training given to the people who will continue these projects at the end of the developing farmers' tenure, and the personal safety, and protection of property be guaranteed.
Those of us who stayed after independence, hoped against all historical evidence, that we could stay and help build a nation unlike any other in Africa. Africa has the mineral and agricultural potential to be the richest continent on earth, but untill the leadership can learn responsible government, and govern for the people, the poverty will never be alleviated.
Holistic managment for a better future.
http://www.holisticmanagement.org/