Calf mortality is not a problem but calving is
Calf mortality is not a problem but calving is
COMPARED with average Signet figures, Corfton Farm is performing well in terms of cost efficiency.
Increasing numbers of calves weaned is not an issue, with last season only three out of 115 being lost before weaning, a mortality rate of 2.8%, says Duncan Pullar.
"Prevention is better than cure so a health programme is regarded as insurance against disease risks," says Stephen Povall. A rotavirus vaccine and selenium injections are being used this season to prevent scours and white muscle disease.
However, getting first calvers back into calf is a challenge.
"Fertility is reduced because cows are under nutritional stress, needing energy for growth as well as regaining body condition. An extra 25% energy intake during the dry period should cover deficits," suggests Dr Pullar.
Forage conservation and grazing are where producers can make significant savings by establishing a well-managed regime, says Dr Pullar.
At Corfton, set-stocking of 0.5 cows/acre (1.4/ha) is practised on permanent pastures receiving minimal fertilisation and grass silage is only made with surplus grass, so variable costs are low.
However, because most land is rented there are few options for the unit to reduce overheads further.
Another issue producers should keep in mind is that crossbred replacements will increase cow longevity – reducing replacement rates – and weight of weaned calf compared with purebred cows, says Dr Pullar. "Aim for maximum hybrid vigour which will improve reproduction, longevity and disease resistance.
"Choice of breed should also be considered as this will control growth rate, mature size and milk production. With a set type of animal, extremes of cow size can be avoided, so controlling feed intakes to maintain fertility is simplified."
Corfton unit already uses crossbred cows – Simmental x Hereford – put to a Limousin for slaughter qualities.
The Povalls replace about 15-20 cows a year, mostly those that fail to get into calf for various reasons.
Stephen (left) and David Povall will try to reduce the calving period to 12 weeks, cut creep feed costs and source recorded bulls.